1. Slot.it Ferrari 312 Pb Review

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The Ferrari 312 PB was a Group 6 Prototype-Sports Car introduced in 1971 by Italian carmaker Ferrari. It was officially designated the 312 P, but often known as the 312 PB to avoid confusion with a previous car of the same name. It was part of the Ferrari P series of Prototype-Sports Cars but was redesignated as a Group 5 Sports Car for 1972.

Development[edit]

In 1970, a change in the regulations for sportscar racing for 1972 was announced. The loophole for the big 5-litre sports cars (such as the Porsche 917 and Ferrari 512) was closed, and the minimum weight of the 3-litre prototypes was raised to 650 kg (1,433 lb).

Porsche considered this too heavy as their Porsche 908/03 were 100 kg (220 lb) lighter, and this advantage would have been lost^{[citation needed]}. On the other hand, their air-cooled two-valve engine was low on power with 370 hp (276 kW), and the development of a new engine would have been necessary. Thus, Porsche did not enter world championship sports car races after 1971 and sold the 908s to customers who would have to add weight to them. Matra and Alfa Romeo were willing and able to compete, but only in selected seasons or events. Also, Ford's successful Formula 1 Cosworth-V8 engine was available for independent chassis builders, but vibrations made it unreliable for endurance racing.

After having been beaten by the Porsche 917 in 1970, Ferrari abandoned further development of the Ferrari 512M, leaving the 512 to customer teams like Penske Racing and NART.

Instead, in 1971, Ferrari focused on a new 3.0L prototype based on the 180° flat-12 boxer from the 312B F1 car. Officially this design was known as 312P, the motorsports press appending the B to avoid confusion with the earlier 312P V12 cars. This design was similar to the traditional Porsche engine layout with its low center of gravity, but Ferrari used water-cooling and 4-valve heads. The car was promising, but did not win, while the similar Alfa Romeo 33 scored two wins against Porsche's dominance. The 312PB's engine has many similarities in design to the F1 engine, but nearly every part is different and non-interchangeable with the F1 flat 12. This has led to problems for users of these cars in historic racing, as spare parts for these quite fragile engines, are, in comparison to the F1 flat 12 engine, very difficult to obtain.

Racing history[edit]

The car first appeared at the 1971 1000 km of Buenos Aires in Argentina at the hands of Italians Ignazio Giunti and Arturo Merzario. Its history started off tragically when Giunti was killed in this race after he hit Jean-Pierre Beltoise's Matra head-on while the Frenchman was pushing the stricken car back to the pits. The car did not win a race that season. In 1972, with only Alfa answering the challenge, the 312 PB was very successful and won all World Sportscar Championship races in which it was entered. Ferrari skipped Le Mans, though, as the F1-based engine had not lasted 24 hours in testing and would surely spoil their otherwise perfect record.

In 1973, Matra which had previously focused on Le Mans also challenged for the championship while Alfa was absent. As Matra won several races, Ferrari needed to enter in the 1973 24 Hours of Le Mans, with an improved yet still doubtful engine. One car was used as a 'hare' which supposed to lure the Matras into driving faster laps than they intended, to test their reliability. Ironically it was only the 'hare' Ferrari which survived the 24 hours, finishing a respectable second behind a Matra. The championship saw the same order, with only two Italian wins compared to five French. In addition, despite the absence of the Matras, the 312 PB could not defend the 1972 win of the Targa Florio as the prototypes of Ferrari and Alfas failed and a Porsche 911 collected a surprise win.

At the end of the 1973 season, Ferrari abandoned sports car racing to focus on F1 again, as the F1 team had even skipped GP races in 1973 due to lack of competitiveness.

External links[edit]

References[edit]

• Cruickshank, G. 2006. Profile: Ferrari 312PB. Motor Sport, LXXXII/11, p. 43
• '1972 Ferrari 312 PB'. conceptcarz.com. Retrieved 2007-02-17.
• 'Ferrari 312 PB'. ultimatecarpage.com. Retrieved 2013-10-15.

Slot.it Ferrari 312 Pb Review

The Ferrari 312 P was a Group 6 Prototype-Sports Car used for racing in 1969 and 1970. The new 1971 version of the sports prototype came with a flat-12 engine, often referred to as a boxer engine. Many publications added the letter B after the P of its name to indicate its engine type, but this variation was never officially sanctioned by Ferrari which simply called it the 1971 312P.

History[edit]

After boycotting sports car racing in 1968 to protest a rule change that also banned their 4-litre 330 P4, Ferrari built a 3000cc prototype in 1969, the 312 P. It was hardly more than a 3-litre F1 Ferrari 312 with open Barchetta, and later the closed top Berlinetta.

Car in Racing[edit]

The first registered race was at the 12 Hours of Sebring in 1969. Ferrari (short on money) started only one 312 P (chassis no. 0868). Mario Andretti got pole position, and with Chris Amon, he managed to finish second. This raised hopes for a prospective Ferrari victory.^[2] At the ensuing test weekend at Le Mans, a different car, chassis no. 0870, disappointed, and it was clear that better aerodynamics (with a closed coupe) were necessary. The 0870 also raced at the BOAC 500 in Brands Hatch, where Amon and Pedro Rodríguez finished fourth (behind three Porsche 908-01).^[3] At 1000km Monza, Chris Amon took the pole with the 312 P spider, ahead of Jo Siffert's 908-01, but had to retire. The 312 P was not entered in the second Italian race, the Targa Florio, and had to retire in the German 1000 km Nürburgring. At the 1000 km Spa race, a 312 P was second behind the Siffert/Redman 908-01LH. Two 312 Ps were entered in the 1969 24 Hours of Le Mans, now as low-drag Berlinettas. They were fifth and sixth on the grid, but didn't finish.

During the 1969 season, the appearance of the Porsche 917 had made clear that only a similar new 5-litre car would be able to challenge it. Since mid-1969, Ferrari spent some of the millions earned in the Fiat deal for the construction of the required series of 25 new 5-litre V12 Group 5 sports cars. At the end of the season the two remaining 312 Ps were sold to Luigi Chinetti's North American Racing Team, since the European branch of Ferrari racing would rely on the Ferrari 512 in 1970. The 312 Ps returned to Europe for the 1970 24 Hours of Le Mans, where one of them was raced (as opposed to eleven 512s). The car was among the 16 cars still running at the end.

Specifications[edit]

Top speed = 320 km/h(198.8mph)

Engine

Type: rear, longitudinal V12 60°

Bore/stroke: 78.5 x 51.5 mm

Unitary displacement: 249.25 cc

Total displacement: 2991.01 cc

Compression ratio: 11,5:1

Maximum power: 331 kW (450 hp) at 10.800 RPM^[4]

Power per litre: 150 hp/l

Valve actuation: Twin overhead camshaft per bank, four valves per cylinder

Fuel feed: Lucas indirect injection // Ignition = Single spark plug per cylinder, electronic

Lubrication: Dry sump

Clutch: Multi-plate

Chassis

Frame: tubular steel

Front and rear suspension: Independent, unequal-length wishbones, coil springs, telescopic shock absorbers, anti-roll bar

Brakes: Discs

Transmission: 5-speed + reverse

Steering: Rack-and-pinion

Fuel tank: Capacity 117 litres^[4]

Front tyres: 9-22-13

Rear tyres: 13-26-15

Bodywork

Type: Two-seater spider

Length: 3500 mm

Width: 1880 mm

Height: 956 mm

Wheelbase: 2220 mm

Front track: 1425 mm

Rear track: 1400 mm

Weight: 585 kg (with liquids)^[4]

References[edit]

Notes

1. ^Car: The Definitive Visual History 181.
2. ^Collins and McDonough 8-9.
3. ^Collins and McDonough 10-13.
4. ^ ^abc'Ferrari 312P'. Ferrari GT - en-EN. Retrieved 2016-01-11.

Bibliography

• Car: The Definitive Visual History of the Automobile. Penguin. 2011. ISBN978-0-7566-8938-4.
• Collins, Peter; McDonough, Ed (2009). Ferrari 312P & 312PB. Veloce. ISBN978-1-84584-259-8.

External links[edit]

• 312 P (1969) on Ferrari's website